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Revised Cardiac Risk Index (Lee): perioperative risk

Cardiovascular

Risk of major cardiac complications after non-cardiac surgery. Still the index the ACC/AHA and ESC perioperative guidelines build on.

What you enter

  • High-risk surgery (intraperitoneal, intrathoracic, suprainguinal vascular) (+1)
  • Ischaemic heart disease (+1)
  • History of heart failure (+1)
  • History of stroke / TIA (+1)
  • Insulin-treated diabetes (+1)
  • Creatinine >2 mg/dL (>177 µmol/L) (+1)
FORMULAOne point per factor; risk of major cardiac complication: 0 → 0.4%, 1 → 0.9%, 2 → 6.6%, ≥3 → 11%
SourceLee TH et al. Derivation and prospective validation of a simple index for prediction of cardiac risk of major noncardiac surgery. Circulation 1999;100:1043-9ReviewedFormula and thresholds checked against the source on 2026-08-22. If the source updates, this line will say so.